Bite problems aren’t limited to teeth simply out of position. The problem could be some teeth aren’t there—visibly, that is. They still exist below the gums and bone, but they’ve been crowded out and blocked from erupting. We call this condition impaction.
Any tooth can become impacted and affect the bite, but a person’s smile suffers more if it involves visible front teeth. This is especially so if the teeth in question are upper canines or “eye teeth”—the smile doesn’t look normal without these pointed teeth on either side of the central and lateral incisors.
Impacted teeth can also contribute to more than a cosmetic problem: they’re more susceptible to abscesses (pockets of infection) or root damage both to themselves or neighboring teeth. To minimize these potential health issues, we’ll often remove impacted teeth surgically (as is often done with wisdom teeth).
But because of their important role in not only appearance but also bite function, we may first try to assist impacted canines to fully erupt before considering extraction. It takes a bit of orthodontic “magic,” but it can be done.
Before we can make that decision, though, we want to precisely locate the impacted teeth’s positions and how it may affect other teeth. This initial evaluation, often with advanced diagnostics like CT scanning or digital x-rays, helps us determine if the impacted teeth are in a workable position to save. If they’re not, we may then need to consider removing them and ultimately replacing them with a dental implant or similar restoration.
But if their position is workable and there are no other impediments, we can proceed with helping them erupt. To do this we’ll have to first expose them by creating a small opening in the gums through minor surgery. We then bond a small bracket to the tooth, to which we’ll attach a small chain that we then attach to orthodontic braces. This enables us to exert continuous pressure on the tooth.
Over time, the pressure coaxes the tooth to erupt. We may still need to apply other forms of orthodontics and cosmetic procedures, but using this procedure to rescue impacted canines can produce a healthier and more attractive smile.
If you would like more information on treating complex bite problems, please contact us or schedule an appointment for a consultation. You can also learn more about this topic by reading the Dear Doctor magazine article “Exposing Impacted Canines.”